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Introduction: The Growing Importance of Automotive Sensors In todays era of advanced technology, the automobile industry is witnessing an unprecedented transformation. A pivotal part of this revolution is the evolution of automotive sensors, which have emerged as key components in modern vehicles. These sophisticated devices collect critical data from a variety of sources, including the vehicles engine, brakes, temperature sensors, and more, thereby enhancing vehicle performance, safety, and comfort. They enable functionalities ranging from Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Engine Control Units (ECUs), to infotainment systems, and electric vehicle battery management. As these systems continue to grow in complexity, the Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) that form the electronic backbone of these sensors have become increasingly intricate. This amplifies the need for meticulous and robust PCB design techniques, with via tenting being an essential part of this process.The Ro...

Gerber Viewer: Your Key to Seamless PCB Design and ProductionIn the process of transforming a PCB design into a physical product, it is crucial for both beginners and experts in PCB design to thoroughly review and verify their work, whether it involves simple or complex designs. So, how can we efficiently perform this crucial step, and how can we ensure that our designs are flawlessly translated into physical form? The answer lies in utilizing a Gerber viewer. Design from Humberto HiginioBefore delving into the merits of a Gerber viewer, it is essential to understand the basics: what a Gerber file entails. Demystifying Gerber Files: The Key to PCB ManufacturingA Gerber file is a standardized file format in the electronics industry for designing and manufacturing Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs). It contains necessary information for each PCB layer, such as copper traces, solder mask, and silkscreen, enabling manufacturers to create the physical board from the design files. Intr...

94V0 is a flammability rating for printed circuit boards (PCBs) according to the UL 796 standard. It indicates that a circuit board has passed specific tests for flammability and will not easily catch fire in normal use. The rating is based on the results of tests such as glow wire ignition, vertical flame spread, and comparative tracking index.Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are essential components in a wide range of electronic devices, from smartphones and laptops to medical equipment and industrial machines. To ensure the safety and reliability of these products, manufacturers must use high-quality circuit boards that meet strict safety standards. One such standard is the UL 796 rating system, which assigns a flammability rating to PCBs based on their ability to resist fire. The 94V0 rating is one of the most common and sought-after flammability ratings in the electronics industry.A brief history of 94v0 circuit board rating standards:The UL 796 standard for flammability ratings of...

Solder beads on a PCB, also known as solder fillets, serve several important purposes in the assembly and function of electronic devices. These reasons include providing structural support, ensuring electrical connectivity, and enhancing the reliability and durability of the device. First and foremost, solder beads provide structural support to the components on a PCB. When components are soldered onto a PCB, the solder forms a mechanical bond between the component and the PCB, holding them in place. This is particularly important for components that are subjected to vibration or mechanical stress, such as connectors and switches. Without the structural support of the solder beads, these components could become loose or even detach from the PCB, leading to electrical failure and potential damage to the device. In addition to providing structural support, solder beads also ensure electrical connectivity between components on a PCB. When a component is soldered onto a PCB, the so...

1.PCB common wiring rules(1) The PCB board is pre-divided into digital, analog and DAA signal wiring areas.(2) Digital and analog components and corresponding alignments are separated and placed in their respective wiring areas as much as possible.(3) High-speed digital signals are routed as short as possible.(4) Sensitive analog signals are routed as short as possible.(5) Reasonable allocation of power and ground.(6) DGND, AGND, and field are separated.(7) Power and critical signal alignment using wide lines.(8) Power and ground lines should be as radial as possible, as well as signal lines can not appear back to the loop alignment.(9) Digital circuits are placed near the parallel bus/serial DTE interface, and DAA circuits are placed near the telephone line interface.(10) Small discrete device alignment shall be symmetrical, the more closely spaced SMT pad leads should be connected from the pad outside, not allowed in the middle of the pad directly connected.(11) Priority of key signa...

connecting finger( gold finger ) boards need gold plating or immersion goldI. Immersion Gold VS Gold PlatingImmersion gold adopts the method of chemical deposition. A layer of coating is formed by a chemical redox reaction. Generally, the thickness is thicker. Gold plating uses the principle of electrolysis, also known as electroplating. Most other metal surface treatments are also electroplated. In actual product applications, 90% of gold plates are immersion gold boards, because the poor weldability of gold-plated boards is a fatal shortcoming, and it is also the direct reason why many companies give up the gold-plating process! The immersion gold process deposits a nickel-gold coating with stable color, good brightness, smooth coating, and good solderability on the surface of the printed circuit. Basically, it can be divided into four stages: pre-treatment (oil removal, micro-etching, activation, post-dipping), nick...

World over, the demand for electronic gadgets and systems has become a norm. It is pretty clear that every human in the universe has found interest in the area of electronics and they all possess either one or more electronic gadgets starting with smartphones, computers, laptops, smart TVs, calculators, music systems, watches, and many others. Most of these electronic devices are made up of an internal skeleton called PCB which holds the electronic components together. The PCB is a product of maximum efforts from designers who come up with the schematics and important manufacturing files. A good designer should be conversant with several electronic components that will always play a greater role in them to be able to come up with such electrical circuits and schematics. In this article, we are going to put focus on such electronic components and how important they are in the area of electronics. Let us get started.ResistorsThis is a passive element with two terminals and it serves the ...

How to build multilayers PCB? (About Pressing) Multilayers Printed Circuit BoardWhen it comes to printed circuit boards, there exist several types and multilayer PCB is one of such types. This is a type of printed circuit board that is built up of two or more layers of copper conductive material. The purpose of the many layers is to increase the surface area needed for the wiring of the board. Anytime a designer or manufacturer talks about layers in the printed circuit board, they are having a consideration on how they can increase the chances of having high conducting paths and patterns on the printed circuit board. This type of PCB is always a Rigid printed circuit board. The reason why they are only in rigid form is that it is almost impossible to create them in flexible form.The count of layers on the board depends on what you need. So, layers start at a minimum of two to several 100s. However, in modern-day electronics, 4 to 8 layers have found more applications and hence they a...